Thank you for the question on the characteristics of the kingdom of God, “What are the characteristics of the kingdom of God in the Old Testament?”
The Kingdom of God is generally referred to the rule of God over and on earth. It is particularly reflected or personified in the nation of Israel.
Here are some thoughts on the characteristics:
A. The Presence of God on earth.
The construction of the Tabernacle and later the Temple is the means whereby the Presence of God was reflected on earth (Exod. 40:34–38, I Kings 9:2–3).
B. The Particular Dimension of the rule of God on earth.
The location of the Presence of God on earth is in the Promised Land. The Abrahamic Covenant and its expansion indicated that the Promised Land is the location whereby God will rule over Israel (Gen. 12:1–3, 15:17–21,17:7–8).
C. The Priesthood in the rule of God on earth.
The nation of Israel was to be a priesthood before God to the nations. God designated the nation of Israel to be his representatives on earth (Exod. 19:5–6).
D. The Purity of the rule of God on earth.
The nation of Israel was to be a holy nation. It was a set aside nation whom the people will reflect the holiness of God on earth (Exod. 19:5 and Leviticus).
E. The Praise and Petition of God on earth.
As a priesthood and holy nation, the Israelites were to praise God and to petition God in behalf of the nations (I Kings 8:29–30). Sacrifices will be made in the Kingdom of God.
F. The People of the World will come to the Temple.
The people of the world will come to the Temple to worship God with their praises and gifts (Isaiah 19:23–25, 66:23).
G. The Prince or Messiah will reign in the Kingdom.
The representative ruler over the Promised Land is a descendant of David. The throne, kingdom, and the ruler will be a perpetual one (II Sam. 7:16).
H. The Proliferation of the Knowledge of God in the world.
The Israelites and the peoples of the world will know and acknowledge God. There is the dissemination of the Laws of God on the nations (Jere. 31:33–34). The earth will be filled with the knowledge of God.
I. The Peace in the world.
Wars and sin will be abolished in the world. Peace will be established for eternity (Micah 4:3–5).
J. The Perpetuation of the New Heaven and New Earth.
The Kingdom of God will not be in the midst of the Old Heaven and the Old Earth, but a New Heaven and New Earth (Isa. 66:22). Death and decay will become a foreign event in the Kingdom of God whereby animals will be living in harmony (Isa. 65:25).
K. The Punishment of the Evildoers.
The evildoers are excluded from the Kingdom and judgment will be given to them for their lifestyle on earth. There is a future punishment for evildoers (Isa. 66:24).
In many ways, the dream and hope of mankind of a utopia is seen in the Kingdom of God. This Kingdom can’t be brought in by human effort as long as there is sin and evildoers in this world. It will only come about when God will inaugurate the Kingdom of God through the promise Messiah who will remove the sins of God’s people and for the sins of the world. The prophet Daniel speaks of the Kingdom of God that is to come in Daniel 2:44–45 and in the New Testament that Kingdom is further expounded by Jesus on the Sermon on the Mount (Matt. 6–8).
SUMMARY: The Kingdom of God reflects the attributes of God Almighty.
For more perspectives:
https://www.quora.com/What-are-the-characteristics-of-the-kingdom-of-God-in-the-Old-Testament